Gas-engine



No. 607,878. Patented July 26, i893. C. UUAST.

GAS ENGINE.

(Application filed sept. 15

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No. 607,878. Patented luly 26, |898. C. UUAST.

GAS ENGINE.

(Application led. Sept. 15, 1894.)

2 SheetsSheet 2.

(No Model.)

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Arrnn marne artnr CHARLES QUAST, OF MARION, OHIO.

GAS-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part 0f Letters Patent N0. 607,878, dated July 26,1898.. Application filed September 15, 1894. Serial No. 523,170. (Nomodel.)

To @Z whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES QUAsT, a citizen of the United States,residing at Marion, in the county of Marion and State of Ohio, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvementsin Gas-Engines, of which thefollowing is a specification, reference being had therein to theaccompanying drawings.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in Which-Figure 1 is a section through the engine. Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5 arediagrams illustrating the Working of the engine. Fig. 6 is a frontelevation of the valve mechanism and vaporizer. Fig. 7 is a sectionthrough the exhaustpipe and air-hull.

Bed-plate 105 carries cylinder 93, valvechest 33, oscillating crank 99,and rotating crank 101. Crank-shaft 109 carries bevel-gear 102, whichmeshes in bevel-gear103 on shaft 2. The shaft 2 carries the cam 1 andcam 3. Cam 1 has a projection 6. On the periphery of cam 1 rests,through roller 15, lever 14, which is pivoted in a suitable bearing at12. Lever 14 carries valve-stem 34, which carries valve 44. With saidcam also engages the roller 2 of knee-lever 10, pivoted in suitablebearings at 7, and carries on its arm 8 rod 9, which slides in bearing87. Valve-stem. 47 carries valve 46 and valve-dog 49. Shaft 2 alsocarries cam 3, which operates upon lever 91, which is pivoted at 19 witheccentric-strap 13 and is connected by pivot 24 with igniterrod 30.Valve-stem 47 connects, through lever 57, rod 59, and lever 60, withpump 66, which has suction check-valve 68, discharge checkvalve 69, andconnections, through pipe 70 and spring check-valve 71, with theVaporizing-chamber 7 9. Valve-chest 38 has a waterjacket 40, surroundingchamber 41, and has a discharge-chamber 42, connecting with 43 andexhaust-pipe 82. The suction-chamber 45 connects, throughvaporizing-chamber 79, with air-chamber S0 and air-duct S6. Crank 101and crank-shaft 109 rotate, While crank 99 oscillates, being connectedwith the crank 101 by the pitinan 100. This causes piston 97 to make afull sweep or stroke to each quarterrevolution of crank 101, or fourcomplete strokes to one revolution of crank 101. These four strokes arethe cycle of the engine--viz., first stroke, suction of explosivemixture;

second stroke, compression of the explosive mixture; third stroke,ignition and expansion of explosive mixture; fourth stroke, the eX-pulsion of the waste products of combustion. The motion of crank-shaft109 is transmitted through bevel-gears 102 and 103 to shaft 2. As shaft2 rotates cam 1 will raise valve-stem 34 and with it lever 14,governor-catch 36, and

valve 44, also levers 10 and 3 and valve-stem 9,

which will enter, with its point 54, into a notch 50 of valve-dog 49 andraise valve-stem 47 and valve 46. The movement of valve-stem 47 istransmitted through lever 57 rod 59, lever 60, and rod 64 upon plunger65. The lever 57 is pivoted at 58. With cam 1 and shaft 2 rotates cam 3,which operates, through a projection 4, upon lever 91, rod 30, andlevers 3l and 32. Governor 83 operates through stem 53 upon governor-dog52 and through rod 5l upon valve-dog 49. The governor is driven by theengine and moves governor-dog 52 and valvedog 49 as the engine varies inspeed, said dog having notches 50, in which matches the point 54 of rod9. Each notch 50 commands a different rise of the suction-valve 46 andalso of the` pump-plunger. The rising of said valve is caused by therotating of cam 1 on shaft 2. The movement of valve-stem 47 istransmitted through lever 57, rod 59, lever 60, and link 6l upon plunger65, the stroke of which varies with the movement oi' valvestem 47.

As soon as the engine has reached its speed and the stroke ofsuction-valve 46 and pumppiston 65 has reached its maximum the governorwill bring governor-dog 52 under governor-catch 36. This keepsdischarge-valve 44 open and hasbrought valve-dog 49 out of reach ofpoint 54, thus causing the suctionvalve 46 to remain closed and omit thestroke of pump-plunger 65. Joint 19 of lever91 and eccentric-rod 18 restupon set-screw 23,which is-held in a suitable lug22. Eccentric-rod 18connects with eccentric-strap 17 and is movable on eccentric 20, thelatter having a handle 2l. Lever 91 rests with its outer end 24 uponset-screw 26, carried by lug 25. As cam 3 rotates with shaft 2,projection `4 Will meet ICO projection 5, thus raising lever 91, turningin A ing the engine.

highest points lever 91 will drop through the expansion of spring 28upon regulating-screw 26. When the engine is up to speed and thegovernor has locked Valve-stem 34, lever 14 and its block 13 will beheld in its highest position and leaving joint 19 free, so that whenprojection 4 of cam 3 comes to strike projection 5 of lever 91 joint 19will rise and leave rod 30, spring 28, and its connections undisturbed.As soon as the engine reduces its speed sufficiently to withdrawgovernor-dog 52 valve-stem 34, lever 14, and block 13 will take theirposition again, this causing lever 91 to turn in joint 19 instead of injoint 24 until governor-dog 52 locks valve stem 34 again, and then itreverses and pivots in 24 instead of in 19. This is done to omit theoperation of the igniter mechanism during the time when no explosive isdrawn in. This shows that the governor controls the discharge-valve, thesuction-valve,the explosivesupply pump, and the igniter. Smallvariations of power are regulated by having the governor move valve-dog49, thus giving more or less opening to the suction-valve 46 andcorrespondingly more or less stroke to pumppiston 65. Greater variationsare regulated by bringing all mechanisms out of operation and by notusing any explosive. The vaporizer is composed ot chamber 79, screens 74below, and screens Si above. Screens 74 contine the free passage of airinto chamber 79, which causes the suction of the engine to create a partvacuum in chamber 79, thus facilitating a rapid evaporation of theexplosive. The evaporated explosive passing through screens 8l andchamber 45 is constantly heated through the heat in chambers 43 and 42,through which the exhaust passes, and so expands and reaches thecylinder at or near atmospheric pressure. In creating a vacuum inchamber 79 the explosive mixture contains more explosive and less air,thus giving a higher explosion and a more perfect combustion, which iseconomical.

The .exhaust of the engine passes through chamber 42, submerging chamber45, and through passage 92 into chamber 43, submergin g thevaporizer-chamber 79 and screens 74 and 81 therein. Chamber 43 connectswith exhaust-pipe 82. Hull 75 submerges part of the exhaust-pipe 82 andall of chamber 43. Hull 75 has in its upper end openings 84, which areregulated through ring 83, which has correspondingopenings 90.Theairpassesthrough said openings into chambers S6 and 8O and throughscreens 74 into vaporizing-chamber 79. The air is heated in passingalong pipe 82 and chamber 43, thus reducing the volume of exhaustthrough condensation and absorbing heat to increase the vaporization andthe explosive force. Lever 60 has slot 61, through which the stroke ofthe pump can be adjusted and regulated to the quality of fuel' used.Lever 60 has handle k63, which is used in start- By pulling out pin 62lever 60 will fulcrum on its other end and the charge ofv explosive canbe pumped up by hand through valve 69, pipe 70, and spring checkvalve71, over overliow 72 and spreader 73 into chamber 79.

The explosive will fall into chamber 80, where it will be lightedthrough door 77 and opening 76 to heat the air within and the adjacentparts, which is necessary in damp Weather in starting the engine. Pin 62is put back in its place, and by turning the engine over its center itis ready for operation. Spring check-valve 71 is adjustable as topressure. Valve-stems 34 and 47 have springs 37 and 48, respectively, tobe compressed when the valves are opened and to expand when the sameset.

Eccentric 2O and handle 21 are used to regulate the moment of ignitioneither earlier or later. Spring 37 exerts a pressure upon dog 52 whenpulled under governor-catch 36, this preventing the.governor fromwithdrawing the dog until the valve-stem 34 and governorcatch are raiseda little, for which purpose the cam 1 raises governor-catch 36 a littlehigher than the highest point of governor-dog 52. Through this therelease of the exhaustvalve and indirectly of suction-valve, pump,

and igniter can only take place at the proper time set by cam 1.Vaporizer 79 has an open bottom, allowing any excess of fuel to fallinto chamber 8O upon bottom 78.

In the operation of the engine when cranks 101 and 99 are in a verticalposition corresponding with Fig. 2 the next movement will cause cam 1 tooperate upon lever 10, with its connections, and raise the suction-valve46. The further movement of both cranks will cause piston 97 to draw ina charge through vaporizer 7 9; the charge being pumped up as thesuction-valve rises until crank 101 has reached a horizontal and crank99 the farthest limit of its movement corresponding with Fig. 3 andpiston 97 has reached its lowest position. When piston 97 reaches thelowest point, suction-valve 46 is closed. As cranks 101 and 99 move inthe direction to reach position, as shown in Fig. 4, piston 97 will riseand compress the confined explosive mixture. During this period allvalves are closed. Before piston 97 has reached its highest point cam 3,with its high point 4, has raised lever 91, compressed spring 2S, raisedrod 30, and brought point 33 of lever 32 in contact with theigniter-point. As soon as piston 97 has reached its highest point point5 will drop from point 4 of cam 3, this causing point 33 of lever 32 todisconnect with the electric point, this causing a spark and ignition ofthe explosive mixture which was compressed in the stroke previous. Aspiston 97 is forced downward bythe explosion and the expansion of theburning gases all valves are closed; but as soon as the piston reachesVthe position indicated in Fig. 5 exhaust-valve 44 IOC IIO

will rise and expel the waste products of comi 97, connecting-rods 98and 100, and cranks 99 and 101 have again reached the position indicatedby Fig. 2 to begin anew cycle again. This shows that the suction-valveis open through the iirst quarter of revolution of crank 101, which isthe first stroke of piston 07. Then no valve is open for twoquarterrevolutions of crank 101 and two strokes of piston 97'. At theconclusion of these 4two strokes the ignition takes place. During thelast quarter-revolution of crank 101 and the last stroke of piston 97the exhaust-valve is open. Cylinder 93 has water-jacket 108, the latterconnected with water-jacket 40, surrounding chamber 41 to preventoverheating of parts within.

I claim- 1. In combination in a gas-engine, the cylinder, the piston,the inlet and exhaust valves, the connections for operating theinlet-valve, the governor for controlling the said connection and thedegree and period of movement thereof, said governor being arranged tocontrol the period of movement of the exhaustvalve, said exha ust-valvebeing held open by said governor connection when the inlet-valve is outof operation and throwninto operation when the inlet-valve is inoperation, substantially as described.

2. In combination in a gas-engine, the cylinder and piston,the inlet andexhaust valves, the connection for operating the inlet-valve, thegovernor for controlling the degree of operation of the inlet-valve andthe fuel-pump connected to the inlet-valve, and arranged to secure itsWorking stroke from the opening movement of said valve and inproportions to said movement, said pump operating to force the fuel tothe said valve, substantially as described.

3. In combination in a gas-engine, the cylind er and piston,the inletand exhaust valves, the fuel-pump and the governor for controlling theaction of said parts,said pump throwing the pump out of operation whenthe exhaust-valve is open and the inlet-valve closed and controlling thedegree of movement of the pump to correspond with the degree of movementof the inlet-valve, substantially as described.

4. In combination in a gas-engine, the cylinder and piston,the inlet andexhaust valves, the fuel-pum p, the connections `for operating the inletand exhaust valves and the pump and the governor mechanism forcontrolling the action of said parts to hold the exhaustvalve open, theinlet-valve closed and the pump at rest when the engine is up to speed,said governor havingv connection with both valve mechanisms and with thepump.

5. In combination in a gas-engine, the cylinder the piston, the valvemechanism, the igniter-lever pivoted at 19 and the eccentric with itsstrap and hand-lever carrying the pivot 19 and the adjustable bearingfor said pivot, substantially as described.

0. In combination in a gas-engine, the cylinder the piston, the valvemechanism, the igniter, the igniter-lever, the cam for operating thesame and the governor with connections extending to the fulcrum of thelever for releasing the same when the engine is up to speed to allow thesaid lever to operate Without operating the igniter connections,substantially as described.

7. In combination in a gas-engine, the cylinder the piston, the valvemechanism including the exhaust-valve, the igniter-lever, the bearing onthe exhaust-valve connection for holding the igniter-lever in operativeposition and the governor for-controlling the action of theexhaust-valve and thereby the operation of the igniter-lever,substantially as described.

8. In combination in a gas-engine, the cylinder, the piston, the valvelnechanism, the rod for operating one of said valves, the leverconnected to the valve-rod the bearing 13 on the said lever, the cam foroperating the lever, the igniter, the igniter-lever connected to theigniter at one end and pivoted at 19 at the other end and held by thebearing 13 when the valve is closed, substantially as described.

9. In combination in a gas-en gine, the cylinder, the piston, the valvemechanism and `the vaporizer, the exhaust-passage extending past thevaporizer to heat the same, the hotair-outlet pipe 82, the air-jacketabout the said pipe and the adjustable slides for regulating thequantity of air let into the same,

substantially as described.

10. In combination in a gas-en gine, the cylinder, the piston, thesuction and exhaust valves, the governor-catch 52 for the exhaustvalvethe governor connected thereto, the dog 119 on the suction-valve stem,adapted to receive different degrees of movement, the conl able dog onthe stem thereforhavinga series of bearing-points, the governor forshifting said dog laterally to bring said 'points into line with theoperating-rod thus varying the amount of movement ot" the valve, and thepump connected with the inlet-valve stem and arranged to force fuelthereto when the valve is opened and in a degree corresponding to thedegree of opening of the valve, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

CHARLES QUAS'I. Witnesses:

FRED E. GUTHERY, E. C. SMITH.

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